The next garment of the high priest is the breastpiece of judgment (Exodus 28:15–30). It may be surprising to read about “judgment” in connection with the high priest (Exodus 28:15). But here, judgment means decision and legal ruling. It does not mean condemnation.

Colors and Connection to the Ephod

Here we find the same colors as on the ephod. This piece is also closely connected with it (Exodus 28:15). The breastpiece was “folded double,” like a pouch. That provided space for the “Urim” and “Thummim” (Exodus 28:30). The “Urim” (lights) and “Thummim” (perfections) were perhaps two stones. They were used when decisions were made. Or maybe God spoke directly in connection with them (1 Samuel 23:9).

Stones and the Value of Each One

Like the shoulder pieces of the ephod, the breastpiece had stones set in it. The twelve names of the tribes were engraved on them. On the two shoulder pieces there was one precious stone each. On the breastpiece there were twelve. With the shoulder pieces we learn that the believers all have the same secure position before God. With the breastpiece we see something else. Each individual is valuable to God. Each one is a masterpiece of God.

On the Shoulders and on the Heart

The names of the tribes were carried by the high priest on his shoulders. They were also carried on his heart, on the breastpiece. The shoulders speak of strength. The heart speaks of affection. He is the faithful and merciful high priest. In Christ this is true: “Who is the one who condemns?” and “Who will separate us from the love of Christ?” (Romans 8:34–35).

Strength and Love Together

We find the connection between strength and love in Scripture again and again. They are closely linked (e.g., Isaiah 40:10–11). Strength and love are also united in our high priest. They are united for our benefit.

Strength, Love, and Wisdom

With the ephod there was strength on the shoulder and love on the heart. And there was something, so to speak, before the heart. That is wisdom. It reminds us of power and love and sound judgment (2 Timothy 1).